The development of room acoustical demands on operas within the last 50 years
Identifieur interne : 002735 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002734; suivant : 002736The development of room acoustical demands on operas within the last 50 years
Auteurs : Gerhard Muller ; Helmut A. MullerSource :
- The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America [ 0001-4966 ] ; 1998-05.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- 4390.
Abstract
After World War II, many destroyed operas in Europe required reconstruction. Since the period of the royal operas was past, architects tried to develop new shapes based upon the new social philosophy. For the acoustical planning, this has led to the following goals: (1) equal acoustical quality in all areas of the auditoria, (2) high speech intelligibility, and (3) uniform sound transmission from the pit and the stage to the audience. The deducted measures were the following: (1) application of an arenalike seating arrangement of the public to expose everybody to a strong direct sound, (2) low reverberation, and (3) reflection of sound energy to compensate the increasing distance of the listeners from the sound sources. These principles have led to the realization of slightly fan-shaped rooms with a relatively small volume or additional sound-absorbing claddings. Surprisingly, these opera halls have been quoted worse than the old ones, by the musicians and the audience. The reason for the lower reputation of the operas, designed applying the rules of the 1950s, will be explained with the help of two examples in which improvements have been realized afterwards. The measured relevant room acoustical data will be presented and the differences discussed.
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